Improvement in dairy-vessels



UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

FRANK D. STONE, OF CLEVELAND, OHIO.

IMPROVEMENT IN DAlRY-VESSELS.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 155,899, dated October13, 1674; application filed September 30, 1874.

To all whom it may concern:

Beit known that I, FRANK D. STONE, of Cleveland, in the county ofCuyahoga and State of Ohio, have invented a new and useful Improvementin Metallic Vessels for Storing and Transporting Butter, Milk, and othersubstances; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full andcomplete description thereof.

The nature of my invention relates principally to the preparation of theinterior surface of a dairy-can for receiving and retain in g a coatingimpervious to the action of the contained substance; and it consists inproduoin g upon the interior of the vessel a roughened surface orgranulations, whereby the surface so prepared causes the coating ofparafline to permanently adhere. The tin plate of commerce may be usedinthe can, but as the coating of tin may contain lead, oxidation takesplace by the action of the contained liquid, which soon becomes injuredthereby. To prevent oxidation of the interior, and consequent injury tothe contents, is the object of a tin-lined can with a roughened interiorsurface coated with parafline, in which no injury to the contents andcoating takes place by bruising and bending in handling ortransportation.

The mode of preparing the can is as follows: The tin is run throughbetween rolls, the upper one of which is grooved to correspond with thenumber of grooves or creases required inthe plate or tin, the lower rollbeing smooth. After the plate has passed once through between the rolls,the tin is then reversed or turned at such an angle as to form angularblocks or squares after-the metal has again been passed between therollers. These angular blocks or squares are formed by the intersectinglines of the grooves or creases. Other mechanical means may be used forproducing the roughened surface, and it may be done by employing acidsto act on the surface of the metal before or after the can is made. Uponthe roughened surface is applied paraffine, and this is used in a meltedstate, the quantity being of sufficient thickness to completely coverover the roughened or granulated interior surface of the can. Ordinarytin plate is used for this purpose, and considered preferable to othermetals. In case an acid or acids are used to roughen the surface of thecan, I pour into the can sufficient quantity of dilute sulphuric orother acid or combination of acids, of strength enough to corrode thesurface of the metal. After the interior of the can and cover has beenthoroughly wettcd over with the dilute acid it is poured out and thevessel allowed to remain a short time-say, from five to ten minutes-whenit will be found that a suffi' cient chemical action has been obtained.The acid action is then neutralized by a bath of weak alkali. The can isthen thoroughly washed with water and dried. A quantity of meltedparaffine is then poured in and the can turned around, causing a flowover the surface, and that which does not adhere is poured out, and thecan is completed for use as soon as the coating becomes hardened.

It has been found that when parafline has been applied upon the surfaceof the can, prepared as above, the adhesion is permanent, resisting allordinary handling of the can for its removal, thus preserving frommetallic contact the substance in the vessel.

It is known that parafiine has no affinity with acids, oils, alkalies,or water; hence the properties of the butter are prevented from actingon the metal of the can, and reaction of the metal on the contents, bythe improve. ment before described. In this way the butter and othersubstances are retained in good condition for use and transportation,producing better results than can be attained by the ordinary means.

I do not claim broadly the use of paraffine for lining vessels, but whatdistinguishes my improvement is combining with a tinned dairycan orcarrier a granulated or roughened surface in the interior thereof, andparafline, applied in the manner herein specified. Tinned sheet-iron hasalways been considered a finished article from which to form vessels ofall kinds, and it will hence be perceived that my invention has for itsobject not the substitution of one lining substance for another,

but a process supplemental to what has preceded in the art, so that,retaining all the advantages of tinned sheet-metal, both in the exteriorand interior of the vessel, I produce the most efficient vessel yetknown as a container of material of acid or alkaline qualities.

What I claim as my improvement, and (le sire to secure by LettersPatent, is-

A vessel of tinned plate interiorly roughed by chemical or mechanicalmeans, and coated with paraffine, substantially as and. for the purposeset forth.

FRANK. 1). STONE.

Witnesses:

W. H. BURRIDGJE, T. BERLE'L.

